The mitigation efforts of China are increasingly important for meeting global climate target since the rapid economic growth of China has led to an increasing share in the world's total CO2 emissions, and nowadays, China has become the world's largest CO2 emitter. This paper sets out to explore...

An approach to determine carbon emission reduction target allocation based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm, and Shapley decomposition (PSO-FCM-Shapley) is proposed in this study. The method decomposes total carbon emissions into an...

This study evaluates the environmental efficiency of industrial sectors of Chinese major cities. The Multi-directional efficiency analysis (MEA) approach are utilized for evaluation, thus both the integrated MEA efficiency levels and the efficiency patterns, which are represented by the variable...

The better to explore the regional characteristics of inter-provincial CO2 emissions and the rational distribution of the reduction of emission intensity reduction in China, this paper proposes an improved PSO-FCM clustering algorithm. This method can obtain the optimal cluster number and...

In the present study, a Mix-encoding Particle Swarm Optimization and Radial Basis Function (MPSO-RBF) network-based energy demand forecasting model is proposed and appliedto forecast China's energy consumption until 2020. The energy demand isanalyzed for the period from 1980 to 2009 based on...

Coal-fired electricity generation has become the largest source of carbon emission in China. This study utilizes life-cycle assessment to assess the effect of carbon emissions and to calculate the coefficient of carbon emissions in coal-to-energy chains. Results show that the carbon emission...

One of the most important aspects of metal mine design is to determine the optimum cut-off grades and milling grades which relate to the economic efficiency of enterprises and the service life of mines. This paper proposes a hybrid intelligent framework which is based on stochastic simulations...

Climate change makes extreme droughts more frequent with heavy economic losses in China, thus this study aims to evaluate China's regional vulnerability to drought and propose proper mitigation strategies for drought-vulnerable areas. In this paper, an integrated index containing exposure,...

Energy poverty has got increasing attention during the latest three decades. Measuring energy poverty is the premise of policy making to alleviate energy poverty. There is no unified energy poverty measurement that has been widely accepted. This paper reviews the commonly used energy poverty...