Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are the prime candidates for solar energy conversion technologies owing to their superior photoelectric performance and low-temperature processibility. The electron transport layer (ETL) is one of the most important compositions for...

Microbial colonization and biofilm formation associated with microplastics (MPs) have recently attracted wide attention. However, little is known about the effect of MP shapes, aging states, and different exposed habitats on biofilm formation and associated microbial community characteristics....

Anerobic co-digestion of food waste (FW) and sewage sludge (SS), thermal hydrolyzed sludge (THS), or the filtrate of THS (THF) were conducted to study their methane potential. In comparison to the co-digestion of SS with FW, the methane yield increased 9.7%~69.7% in the co-digestion of THS and...

This paper examines the effects of two common safe driving programs on traffic violation recidivism: driving improvement course program and warning message program. The two programs not only improve drivers' safe driving attitudes but also mitigate the punishments for certain traffic violations....