The objective of this paper is to provide a tool of practical significance for HR managers and firm executives. This tool, which is called Extrinsic Motivation Index (EMI), is meant to measure the extrinsic motivation of employees. By measuring employees' extrinsic motivation, managers are able...

The financial sector of Pakistan has been witnessing high growth since the last two decades. Due to increase of branch network, competition among banks has increased. In this intense competition, employees play pivotal role in the competitiveness of financial sector. To line with this, this...

A study on high-performance work systems (HPWS) has shown that there may be a gap in the relationship between HPWS and employee work performance. The reasons that are implied within such a relationship have, however, rarely been studied. Data from target employees are gathered using a census...