In alpine skiing competitions, one of the coaches of the participating countries sets the course. This may provide an advantage, but it may also exert higher pressure on the racers. We analyze 40,150 men's and 36,968 women's performances from all competitions in alpine skiing's Slalom, Giant...

The ill-designed scoring method in the NHL incentivizes the teams to reach overtimes in matches against rivals from the other conference. In this paper, I find a statistically significant higher percentage of matches that go into overtime against rivals from the other conference than the...

We contribute to the discussion on betting market efficiency by studying the odds (or prices) set by fifty-one online bookmakers, for the result outcomes in over 16,000 association football matches in England since 2010. Adapting a methodology typically used to evaluate forecast efficiency, we...

Reserve teams of leading clubs in Germany play in the third and fourth-tier leagues, and are denied promotion to the top two divisions under the regulation that forbids participation of two teams from the same club in the same league. As a result, reserve teams lack the motivation that is...