Using data from CHIPS 1995-2013, we find polarization of employment from middle-income Skilled jobs to work in the Unskilled and Self-Employment job categories. This redistribution of employment is consistent with the automation of routine noncognitive tasks in the skilled sector as analyzed in...

This paper presents the first investigation into the economic consequences of the zero-COVID policy implemented by the Chinese government as a pilot experiment in using big data for country management from 2020 to 2022. Our study includes an original county-daily panel data set on the COVID risk...

The outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and subsequent lockdowns and school closures have caused varying degrees of academic disruptions for children. This paper exploits variation in the duration that cities were classified as medium- or high-risk areas to identify the effects of...

The research perspective of gold is either as a commodity or as a financial asset in most previous research. This paper initially examines the double nature of the price of gold both as a commodity and money from 1969 to 2014 by a statistics model, namely the Ensemble Empirical Mode...

This paper initially analyzes the constitution of gold price by Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) with a data span of 1969-2014. We decompose and categorize the change of the gold price by time frequency into three aspects: high frequency portion, low frequency portion and trend...