Over the last 40 years, organizational scholars have repeatedly called for more research to reconcile formalist and social network approaches to the intra-organizational structure. The former has primarily been concerned with the reporting relationship which manifests as the chain of command...

Novel external partnerships are valuable but risky, and scholars have examined the organization- and individual-level determinants of firms' decisions to pursue these new relationships. Yet, in organizations doing complex and knowledge-intensive work, decisions about interorganizational...

Social capital has become a much researched concept and there has been much theoretical speculation about unequal access to it. However, the cross-national empirical analysis of social capital in relation to social stratification and social inequality is lacking. In this article, we explore the...

Social capital is an unspecific resource that can improve the market opportunities of individuals and the chances of survival for organizations. In this historical study it will be shown that social capital was divided up among companies and managers during the early twentieth century very...