Can campaign promises change voter behavior, even where clientelism and vote buying are pervasive? We elicit … multidimensional campaign promises from political candidates in consecutive mayoral elections in the Philippines. Voters who are …

displaced by a new cohort of business leaders with family or political links to the Marcos administration. This was the basic … recipe for malgovernance and one of the deepest economic implosions faced by the Philippines in the early-1980s that …

In a democratic country such as the Philippines, campaign strategies and political parties in an electoral process …

firsthand the act of patronage in their communities, informants tap into their relationships such as family and friends for …In the Philippine political dynamics, political patronage has been observed, especially in the local government units … analysis. Results showed that according to the experiences and observations of the informants, political patronage does exist …