Crowding on public transport (PT) is a major issue for commuters around the world. Nevertheless, economists have rarely … investigated the causes of crowding discomfort. Furthermore, most evidence on the costs of PT crowding is based on contingent … valuation studies. First, this paper assesses discomfort with PT crowding over different density levels, trip durations and …

Two main topics are analysed in this paper: a crowding model for an urban destination is tested by the use of a binary … logistic model in order to identify the variables influencing crowding perception; and the inherent negativity of the crowding … variables have a larger effect on the perception of crowding than use-level. Furthermore, the relationship between crowding and …

model in order to offer a monetary valuation of tourist crowding in urban public space. A resident survey was carried out in … to avoid unfavourable crowding situations can be assessed. Their willingness to pay in order to increase the use levels … €11.06 a year. While tourism is only partly responsible for these crowding levels, the results demonstrate that the social …

when tourist services are supplied to foreign tourists who are crowding-averse and give positive value to the environmental … with respect to the market solution when the natural regeneration rate of the environment and the degree of crowding …

We construct a fund-specific measure of crowding using the equity holdings overlap of 17,364 global funds which are … actively managed. Funds in the top decile of crowding underperform the passive benchmark by 1.4% per year. The poor performance … cannot be attributed to fees and transaction costs alone. When we explore the economics behind crowding, we establish that …