This report contains an overview of the relevant economic research literature on the digital transformation of news markets and the impact on the quality of news. It compares various definitions of fake news, including false news and other types of disinformation and finds that there is no...

This study quantitatively examines how the term "fake news" is being portrayed by the Japanese news media using semantic network analysis. It uses newspapers as the representative as they are still one of the most influential news media in Japan. The data set consists of 624 newspaper articles...

We study the impact of bots on social learning in a social network setting. Regular agents receive independent noisy signals about the true value of a variable and then communicate in a network. They na¨ıvely update beliefs by repeatedly taking weighted averages of neighbors' opinions. Bots...