Official reports and case studies reveal that China experienced different means of communication with the world powers since it joined the World Trade Organization in 2001. In the first five years, China had public communication with both the United States and the European Union under the...

This paper experimentally explores people's beliefs behind the failure of backward induction in the centipede games. I elicit players' beliefs about opponents' strategies and 1st-order beliefs. I find that subjects maximize their monetary payoffs according to their stated beliefs less frequently...

Empirical studies have found that competition among credit-rating agencies (CRAs) deteriorates the quality of ratings. We provide a game theoretical framework to analyze CRA competition in the context of conflict of interest. We show that conflict of interest distorts the rating: the rating...

This paper investigates the role of persuasion mechanisms in collective decision-making. A persuasion mechanism consists of a family of conditional distributions over the underlying state space and the generated noisy signals. A biased, perfectly informed sender adopts a persuasion mechanism to...

Gravity variables such as distance, adjacency, colony, free trade agreements or language are used to capture the effects of trade costs in empirical studies. By using actual data on trade costs, this paper decomposes the overall effects of such variables on trade into those through three gravity...

In this study, we use bank loan information to construct proxies for corporate transparency and examine whether these measures reflect information asymmetry in the stock market. Our analysis is based on a novel dataset of stock transactions and bank loans of all publicly listed firms on the...