variation in the effects of highest education of parents on family’s ability to scale poverty, defined as the household’s income … parents. The dependent variable was household poverty status (income-to-needs ratio). Race was the focal moderator. Linear … household was associated with lower risk of poverty. Race, however, interacted with parental education attainment on household-income …

little evidence about whether having more education causes employees to experience lower earnings volatility or shelters them … 1972 increase in compulsory schooling on earnings volatility over the life cycle. Our estimates suggest that men exposed to … evidence that education affects earnings volatility of older men. …