developing countries, China can be characterized as having two retirement systems: a formal system, under which urban employees …This paper highlights the employment patterns of China's over-45 population and, for perspective, places them in the … context of work and retirement patterns in Indonesia, Korea, the United States, and the United Kingdom. As is common in many …

developing countries, China can be characterized as having two retirement systems: a formal system, under which urban employees …. -- retirement ; population aging ; labor supply ; pensions ; China ; Indonesia ; Korea …This paper highlights the employment patterns of China’s over 45 population and, for perspective, places them in the …

developing countries, China can be characterized as having two retirement systems: a formal system, under which urban employees …This paper highlights the employment patterns of China's over-45 population and, for perspective, places them in the … context of work and retirement patterns in Indonesia, Korea, the United States, and the United Kingdom. As is common in many …

developing countries, China can be characterized as having two retirement systems: a formal system, under which urban employees …This paper highlights the employment patterns of China's over-45 population and, for perspective, places them in the … context of work and retirement patterns in Indonesia, Korea, the United States, and the United Kingdom. As is common in many …

surprisingly modest when translated into the implied effect on average retirement ages: an increase in statutory pension ages by … one year is typically estimated to increase the average effective retirement age by only about two months. …

educational attainment. About 1 percentage point is attributable to changes in statutory retirement ages, although part of the … reason these effects are not larger is that in most countries, statutory retirement ages have not kept pace with life … retirement pathways through unemployment or disability schemes has been a major factor in the turnaround in the participation …

retirement behavior of elderly workers. Estimation results from our model suggest that house wealth variations significantly … influence the labor supply of older workers. The housing wealth effect is bigger for people nearing retirement, which influences … their retirement behavior. Between expected and unexpected housing capital gains, only unexpected gains have a significant …