This paper examines the incentives from stock options for loss-averse employees subject to probability weighting. Employing the certainty equivalence principle, I built on insights from Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT) to derive a continuous time model to value options from the perspective of a...

It is well documented in the empirical literature that employee stock options exercise behavior is driven by economic/rational factors as well as by psychological/behavioral factors. The latter include a set of behavioral biases affecting attitudes towards risk. Perhaps the most comprehensive...

In the aftermath of the credit and banking crises, VIX-based ETNs have gained in popularity among under-diversified market participants since traditional diversification channels became less effective due to increasing correlations. Since then, VIX investing has attracted much heated debate...

This paper addresses the well-documented tracking error (TE) symmetry issue that undermines traditional benchmark-driven equity portfolio allocation processes. We first demonstrate how a base-case TE-driven strategy could be merely adjusted in order to work out the TE symmetry problem. The...

Probability weighting is one of the cornerstones of decision-making theories accommodating gambling preferences. This paper examines its relevance to explaining employee stock option exercise behavior. We characterized the optimal exercise policy for a representative employee with Rank-Dependent...