Much of the literature considers only short-term acquirer announcement returns when analyzing which mergers create value for the acquirer. However, announcement returns combine information about value creation because of the merger and a revaluation of the acquirer's stand-alone value. We use...

In the 1990s, European merger regulation (EMR) was biased against foreign acquirers, especially if the deal harmed domestic rivals (i.e., protectionism). In 2002, the Court of First Instance overturned three prohibitions by the European Commission (EC) and criticized its economic analysis. These...

This paper examines announcement effect of public tender offer process in Korea. We find that firms are more affected by selection of the preferred negotiator date than LOI submission date. Specifically only the firms exempted from preferred negotiator show significantly negative effect, and the...

The paper examines the returns to shareholders of acquiring companies in India during the period 2003-08. The abnormal returns due to the announcement of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and return on equity funds five years before and after M&A have been examined. The study also performs a...

This paper examines whether market evaluates merger announcements in a reasonable way based on their effect on fundamental value using a sample of 37 mergers from U.S. industries completed within 1992-1997. For this purpose, the post-merger performance measures were regressed by abnormal returns...

We investigate shareholder value creation of Spanish listed firms in response to announcements of acquisitions of unlisted companies and compare this experience to the purchase of listed firms over the period 1991–2006. Similar to foreign markets, acquirers of listed targets earn insignificant...

This paper analyzes informed trading in acquiring firms through (stock) merger announcements. We show that pre-announcement abnormal option volumes in acquiring firms strongly increase ahead of a stock merger (by approximately 300%). Furthermore, we show that the direction of option trades (puts...

This paper investigates the effects of analyst recommendations issued after a merger announcement on deal completion. We find the probability of completion increases (decreases) with the favorability of acquirer (target) recommendations. Results from instrumental variables tests support...