This paper analyzes North-South technology transfers in a model of oligopolistic competition. Two firms in the North supply a high-tech good and a technically related low-tech good. They decide about licensing the low-tech good to low-cost suppliers in the South. With the license Southern firms...

In this article an application-oriented approach to analyze the cost of conformance of services, i. e. ‘cost of customer satisfaction’, is presented. Contrary to quality costing methods in manufacturing industries, which are concerned about objective quality standards, services have to...