Historically, the US Dollar had been accepted as the strongest currency and it had no competition at the regional or global level. But inception of Euro changed this unique stature and status enjoyed by USD. With introduction of Euro as the common currency, the European Union became USA's...

In light of the unprecedented mutation of the COVID-19 pandemic into a global economic recession, the WTO projects world trade volume to plummet by a staggering 13 percent to 32 percent in 2020. This translates to large-scale losses in global output and employment, especially in trade-oriented...

A possible re-election of Donald Trump as US president in November 2024 could entail a significant upheaval for the world trading order, if he fulfills his announcements to raise tariffs, mainly in order to reduce the US trade deficit. Such steps would not only have a negative effect on the...

We examine the role of demand composition in explaining the trade collapse and recovery during the ongoing covid-19 crisis. We apply an import-intensity-adjusted measure of demand to examine import trends in 40 advanced and emerging economies over the period 1Q95 to 4Q20. We focus on the crisis...

This study evaluates anti-contagion and economic policies by conducting a survey on Japanese small business managers' expectations about the pandemic, policies, and firm performance. First, the business suspension request decreased targeted firms' sales by 10 percentage points on top of the...

For about three decades, the Japanese economy suffered a prolonged phase of economic stagnation but may have started, in late 2019, to emerge from this state with the implementation of Abenomics in late 2012 or early 2013. Abenomics consisted of “three arrows”, namely aggressive monetary...

The current study focuses on India's impressive merchandise export performance during the pandemic, as well as the country's performance in COVID-19-related products. As per the forecasting performed by employing ARIMA model. It was found that India’s export earning in FY 2021-22 is in-fact...