In this paper, a sustainable closed-loop supply chain problem is modelled in conditions of uncertainty. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation, the designed supply chain network seeks to deliver medical equipment to hospitals on time within a defined time window to prevent overcrowding and virus...

In operations and service management generating revenues is as important as reducing costs. Although logistics customer service is an important measure for executives, little research has been conducted to quantify the extent to which improvements of service levels contribute to a company's...