The merging of some water utilities in Japan has become possible since the 2000 Outline of Administrative Reform and the 2001 Water Act Revision. There are two avenues to merge water utilities, horizontal consolidation and vertical integration. Horizontal consolidation enables water...

The efficient operation of sewerage services is impacted by various factors such as geographical and topographical conditions, diversity of vertical and horizontal organizational structure, ownership types, and level of public-private partnership. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport...

The efficient operation of sewerage services is impacted by various factors such as geographic and topographical conditions, diversity of vertical and horizontal organizational structure, ownership types, and level of public–private partnership. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport...

The efficient operation of sewerage services is impacted by various factors such as geographical and topographical conditions, diversity of vertical and horizontal organizational structure, ownership types, and level of public-private partnership. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport...