Decentralization of pay bargaining in the UK is well known. Other countries in Europe have not gone so far but a clear … management. These trends have been accompanied by a steady rise in variable pay across Europe. Proportionate growth varies … trend towards decentralization is perceptible, although national or industry‐wide bargaining is still widely used. There is …

Europe” at the turn of the century, it is now considered, depending on the point of view, either an “economic superstar” or a … their civil servants’ pay and careers. The federal and municipal employers remained together within a new joint collective …’ ability to pay. These state institutional structures, I claim, currently hamper Germany’s capacity to inflate its economy via …