Dynamics of obesity in Finland

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to study empirically the dynamics of obesity in Finland and provide empirical evidence of temporal causality between obesity, health expenditure, unemployment, urbanization, alcohol consumption and calorie intake. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs bounds testing cointegration procedure and augmented causality tests. Findings – The econometric results reveal that the leading cause of obesity is urbanization which is followed by the increasing availability of fast and convenience foods with high energy density, and sedentary jobs, with little incentive to exercise. Practical implications – The conclusion drawn from this study could be useful for policy makers and practitioners in international health organizations. Originality/value – The paper provides first time time-series evidence on the dynamics of obesity in Finland, using the framework of cointegration and causality tests.