Brändle, Tobias; Heinbach, Wolf Dieter - Institut für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung (IAW) - 2010
). We investigate empirically whether opening clauses, flexible elements that have been introduced to reduce the decline in … establishments, the IAB Establishment Panel, in combination with data on opening clauses from the IAW, and performing propensity … score matching to control for selectivity bias, we find that the existence of opening clauses has significantly negative …