The development of workplace bullying, which involves negative behaviors occurring regularly and over a period of time, is explained by the work environment hypothesis, namely, that it is due to organizational factors, such as leadership practices and organizational climate. Although this has...

With the presence of negative organizational behaviors, not only is the employee’s productivity and job satisfaction affected, but the entire organizational performance of employees also declines. Workplace ostracism affects employees’ psychological well-being by fostering exhaustion of...