Abstract Development of knowledge in Portugal occurred late and slowly, mainly as a result of political and … institutional factors which persisted with democracy. Amongst knowledge key areas, education, research and development (R&D) and … innovation advanced with frequent setbacks. This irregular behaviour induced very negative economic and social consequences given …

. Universities are not adopting so far any meaningful organization’s or syllabuses’ innovation in order to specifically address “new …

qualification levels. Either by career requirements or in reason of one's seeking to improve knowledge and apply to a better job …

into Law, in Portugal, the extension of compulsory education until the 12th grade being one of the main goals. Given huge …