adults and children. Using microdata from 33 African countries, this paper documents the co-evolution of adult education … with the educational outcomes of children. As fertility declines, children's grade attainment rises, but their school … education. Rising women's education predicts declining fertility and rising children's grade attainment, but it is less …

We develop a multi-agent model of the education production function where investments of students, parents, and … survey data and a mandate to randomly assign students to classrooms. Consistent with our model, we show that exposure to …