Co-branding is a widely applied strategy, with research indicating differential benefits to the parent brands. Past studies suggest the source of these differences may be due to the partners’ relative market position, and characteristics such as brand familiarity, brand equity and proximity to...

Skin-tone representation in brand visuals can signal brands' diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts. However, it is unclear what skin-tone DEI means to people, and there is no objective standard for its quantification from visual content. We propose an automated framework assessing...

This work develops an evaluation framework to Arts-Based Brand Research (ABBR) to make methods comparable. Further the evaluation framework is used to compare four arts-based methods. It turned out that previous studies try to capture the brand image on a verbal cognitive level, but this...

A Global Brand is a firm that leverages its own brand to sell a large array of products in many markets (e.g. Nestlé), compared to another firm, possibly global as well, that prefers to sell under many, sometimes local, smaller brands (e.g. Unilever). This paper analyzes the operating,...