. Conspicuous characteristics fulfilled many of the functions that patents, trademarks, and brand names do today. The words that … referred to products with conspicuous characteristics served as brand names in the Middle Ages. Data drawn from an array of …

removal, youth are twice as likely to be charged with an illicit income-generating offense than they are to maintain steady …

tanning using a difference-in-differences research design. We find that youth ITB prohibitions reduced population search … increased sun protective behaviors. We also find that youth ITB prohibitions significantly reduced the size of the indoor …

Over the past decade, rising youth use of e-cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) has … (Monitoring the Future and the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System), this study explores the impact of ENDS taxes on youth … tobacco use. We find that ENDS taxes reduce youth e-cigarette consumption, with estimated e-cigarette tax elasticities of -0 …

The authors begin with the hypothesis that parental contacts play a major role in finding jobs for youth. This … hypothesis is tested with a model of youth employment that includes characteristics of other family members in addition to a …'s ability to assist the youth in finding a job, including occupation, industry and education. The effects of such variables are …