belief of the audience, which generates a sample selection problem. This paper experimentally studies how people form beliefs …

on perceived signaling and human capital effects. We elicit counterfactual labor market expectations for the hypothetical …-individual fixed effects models, we document substantial expected labor market returns from signaling, whereas perceived productivity …

We investigate the effects of economic crises on the subsequent economic performance, economic reform, democratization … economic reform, economic growth and, with a delay, on investment and institutional change. Episode of high inflation, moreover …, translate into lower subsequent inflation. Crises thus appear to serve as catalysts of reform and institutional change and lead …

Reforms often occur in waves, seemingly cascading from country to country. We argue that such reform waves may be … driven by informational spillovers: uncertainty about the outcome of reform is reduced by learning from the experience of …

the firm sells both products under the same brand name, consumers adjust their beliefs about quality subject to the …

: all rents are dissipated for signaling purpose. …

-induced certification acts as an inspection device, seller-induced certification as a signalling device. Seller-induced certification …

effects and small changes in the electoral incentives may generate large changes in turnout due to signaling effects. (iv …) Signaling incentives increase the sensitivity of turnout to voting incentives in communities with low opportunity cost of social …