) of Norwegian schools, where between-school differences are smaller than in the US. I find that VA indicators are able to … predict in-school performance without bias. Furthermore, VA is strongly related to long-term outcomes, and differences between … differences in school quality, rather than unobserved student characteristics. Analyses of teacher grades and exam scores suggest …

comportment grading across German federal states to estimate its causal effect on students’ school-to-work transitions as well …

school year. All students, not only struggling students, are pulled out. We find that students in treatment schools increased … their performance in mathematics by .16 standard deviations at the end of the school year and by .06 standard deviations in …

, Germany exhibited substantial variation by grade level, with a strong U-shaped patterns that implies that children attending … middle school faced the longest closures. A structural model of human capital accumulation predicts that the US school … closures on average lead to a reduction of life-time earnings of –1.7% for the affected children. While the overall losses are …

This paper studies a school district that was federally mandated to adopt a race-blind lottery system to fill seats in … lotteries by race to offset its predominantly black applicant pools. The change dramatically segregated subsequent magnet school …

This paper studies the effect of longer school days - induced by voluntary all-day programs in German primary schools … - on school performance. We combine data from the National Educational Panel Study covering 5348 primary school students … with municipality-level information on all-day school investments. Facing the challenge of selection into all-day school …