informational shrouding flourishes even in highly competitive markets, even in markets with costless advertising, and even when the …

The extent of pharmaceutical advertising and promotion can be characterized by a balancing act between profitable … scenarios and test the model's predictions using a novel combination of sales, promotion, advertising, and adverse event reports … health events, and have extensive advertising and promotion. We find that advertising and promotion expenditures increase own …

According to the standard model, advertising is remarkably sensitive to profit margins. Firms advertise to stimulate …-and-matching map a decline in wages to higher unemployment. But a rise in profit margins should expand advertising by a lot. Really a … lot. Advertising should be highly countercyclical. Instead, it is somewhat procyclical. The ratio of advertising spending …

advertising to acquire new customers and thereby shift demand and increase sales. In the second, they use temporarily low markups … to do so. The marketing and advertising model fits the quantity and markup moments well, and implies that successful …

literature has been prominent in legislative debates about taxation as a tool to discourage smoking, and has contributed theory … other tobacco control policies, such as advertising restrictions, prominent in tobacco control debates. Research addressing …