This paper studies the effect of trade liberalization on an under-explored aspect of wage inequality - gender … gender. A reduction in tariffs induces more productive firms to modernize their technology and enter the export market. New … relative wage and employment of women improves in blue-collar tasks, but not in white-collar tasks. We test our model using a …

's Soccer World Cup and to do well in that competition. This effect of relative labor force participation rates on athletic …This paper addresses the question of whether societies that afford economic opportunity to women offer other … opportunities as well. The analysis in this paper shows that the performance of a country's women in international athletic …

Although the gender wage gap in the U.S. has narrowed, women's career trajectories diverge from men's after the birth … these policies. Using the American Time Use Survey, we find that women are less likely than men to have access to any … young women are more likely to have access to specifically designated paid parental leave, even in part-time jobs. Both …

study gender differences in promotion rates and in the wage gains attached to promotions. Several unique features of our … attached to promotions, and relatively few studies on gender differences have considered promotions and wage increases together …-defined population. Our results indicate that women have lower probabilities of promotion and expected promotion than do men but that …

This paper summarizes research on gender differences in economic settings. I discuss gender differences in attitudes … toward competition, altruism and the closely related issue of cooperation, and risk preferences. While gender differences in …. Surprisingly, the results are also quite mixed when concerning gender differences in risk attitudes. I discuss the external …

Why has the expansion of women's economic and political rights coincided with economic development? This paper … investigates this question, focusing on a key economic right for women: property rights. The basic hypothesis is that the process … their privileged position in a patriarchal world whereas, as fathers, they were hurt by a system that afforded few rights to …

collected nationally representative datasets from 60 countries that cover over 80% of the world population, we study gender …, prioritizing women when hiring for leadership positions. We establish that misperceptions of gender norms are pervasive across the … world. The nature of the misperception, however, is context-dependent. In less gender-equal countries, people underestimate …

natural experiment offered by the presence of thousands of international soccer (football) players in the European … propensity to behave violently on the soccer field, as measured by yellow and red cards. This link is robust to region fixed … soccer performance measures not closely related to violent conduct …

The ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 officially granted voting rights to women across the United States …. However, many states extended full or partial suffrage to women before the federal amendment. In this paper, we discuss the … history of women's enfranchisement using an economic lens. We examine the demand-side, discussing the rise of the women …

household work. These gender inequalities are accompanied by weaker political participation among women. While the historical … frontier may have been empowering for some women, its predominant domesticity reinforced inegalitarian gender norms over the …This paper explores how historical gender roles become entrenched as norms over the long run. In the historical United …