We assess the consequences for consumers in 76 countries of multinational acquisitions in beer and spirits. Outcomes depend on how changes in ownership affect markups versus efficiency. We find that owner fixed effects contribute very little to the performance of brands. On average, foreign...

Integrating the impact of resources and institutional factors, this study compares and contrasts the dynamic relationships between product diversification, business group affiliation and firm performance in two major economies in Asia. India and Japan have been chosen as they represent different...