The reference-price effect refers to the demand deviation caused by consumers’ perceived losses or gains when the current market price of a product differs from a cognitive benchmark (known as a reference price) formed by the customers based on past prices. The impact of such a reference...

We investigate a monopolist retailer's category management strategy where the main strategic decisions are how to horizontally position a store brand relative to the incumbent national brands and how to price the store and national brands for retail category profit maximization. We analyze a...

This paper highlights the importance of having a cooperative quality investment (CQI) strategy and proposes a simple proportional investment sharing schedule in the outsourcing of a supply chain, which consists of a contract manufacturer (CM, the supplier) and two competitive original equipment...