estimates of consumption-based poverty and inequality in rural Shaanxi, China. We also investigate whether using environmental …

Purpose – The paper aims to discuss whether the younger generation of China's rural labor force is prepared, in terms … of education level or labor quality, for the future labor markets under China's industrial upgrading. Design …, and some policy implications are made. Findings – This paper finds that China's young rural laborers are generally poorly …

Nearly a quarter of all children under the age of two in China are left behind in the countryside as parents migrate to … of labor from rural to urban areas has been a key driver of China's prosperity in recent decades, it may entail a …

The continued transfer of agricultural labor into the industrial sector is crucial to China's transformation into an … the features of China's rural-to-rural labor movement and the villages where these workers are employed. Using a …

experiment with more than four thousand schoolchildren in rural China. For the full sample, we find null effects for both the …

schoolchildren in rural China. Although we find evidence of positive overall CAL program effects on academic outcomes, when we …