This study investigates the differences observed on stock returns before and after the opening of emerging markets. The stock returns from emerging and non-emerging countries were examined with the aim to identify if there is a co-integration between markets during the period of December 1975...

This paper uses firm level panel data to investigate empirically the effects of direct foreign investment (DFI) on the productivity performance of domestic firms in three emerging economies of Central and Eastern Europe, Bulgaria, Romania and Poland. To this end a unique firm level panel data...

Taking the case of Dutch agriculture as an example, this paper examines the emergence and role of innovation brokers in stimulating agricultural innovation system interaction and innovation capacity building, and reflects upon their potential role in developing and emerging countries'...

This paper studies the choice of the exchange rate regime in emerging and developing countries. The literature on exchange rate regimes is often based either on theoretical models or on empirical analysis. Our paper presents a different perspective by developing a theoretical model which is...

In this study, the current issues of athlete brand management are discussed and the construct of athlete brand image is conceptualized. A conceptual model of athlete brand image (MABI) is developed incorporating three key dimensions: athletic performance, attractive appearance, and marketable...

The study aims to examine brand management model in Iran's professional Football League (2011-2012) with emphasis on brand image. The study was descriptive-survey one. A sample of Iranian professional football league fans (N=911) responded 4 items questionnaire. A structural equation model (SEM)...

The rise of social media is causing challenges for brand managers of premium manufacturers in the fast moving consumer goods industry. Social Media platforms as innovative and open communication channels have to be integrated in the established media mix while preventing the damage of the...

For many years Spain has been a touristic country attracting many people. In 2012, and compared to 2011, the number of visitors increased in one million getting to 57.7 million tourists, according to the Border Tourist Movement Survey (FRONTUR)2, even outnumbering the population in Spain....

The judgement of products and brands on the world market is in close correlation with the fact where do they come from. The marketing literature defines this as “country of origin effect”, but many experts use the „made in marketing” or the „made in label” terms too. We can read...

The concept of country image has been under constant attention of academic research in marketing, however the focus has been aimed much more at investigating country of origin image than country image. Researchers agree that a strong theoretical background to country image would be necessary and...