examined whether self-sacrificial leadership and social support constitute crucial social information that can boost … relationship between self-sacrificial leadership and organizational commitment. By contrast, social support alone cannot enhance … organizational commitment during crises. However, it facilitates cross-cultural adjustment and self-sacrificial leadership, which, in …

which transformational leadership behaviors are universal: by examining if leaders and followers perceive transformational … leadership behaviors the same way across cultures; and by determining if the magnitude of satisfaction that followers derive from … transformational leadership behavior is the same across cultures. Survey data from 71,537 leaders and their direct reports (n = 203 …