Corporate climate disclosures are considered an essential prerequisite to managing climate-related financial risks. At the same time, current disclosures are imprecise, inaccurate, and greenwashing-prone. We introduce a deep learning approach to enable comprehensive climate disclosure analyses...

Besides hostile intervention, activist shareholders aiming to make changes in target firmsalso use more friendly approaches such as communicating with the firm management. Managerscan strategically influence activist shareholders’ perception about the firm and therefore theirchoice of...