A building block of many models in empirical industrial organization is a characteristic space, where products are modeled as a bundle of characteristics over which consumers have preferences. The ability of such models to predict counterfactual outcomes depends on how well this characteristic...

By representing a system of budget shares as an approximate factor model we determine its rank, i.e. the number of common functional forms, or factors and we estimate a base of the factor space by means of approximate principal components. We assume that the extracted factors span the same space...

Ethnocentrism refers to consumers’ tendencies to favor products and services that are produced in their own country over those produced in foreign countries. The consumers’ ethnocentric tendencies scale (CETSCALE) was developed to assess consumers’ buying behavior towards foreign-made...