We investigate the incentives of a high-quality firm to transfer for free its proprietary product innovation technology to its standard-quality rival on which it has passive partial ownership holdings (PPOs). We identify the conditions under which there exists a non-controlling share to make...

We consider a homogenous good Cournot duopoly, in which a firm owns acost-reducing technology and has a non-controlling share over its rival. Weshow that partial passive ownership holdings may induce licensing via afixed fee and increase consumer surplus, tax revenues, and social...

We consider a two-tier industry with an upstream monopolist trading, via interim observable linear tariff contracts, with two differentiated goods downstream of Stackelberg competitors. The upstream monopolist owns a symmetric minority share on both downstream customers, i.e., there is passive...