Training funds are used to incentivize training in developing countries, but the funds are based on payroll taxes that lower the return to training. In the absence of training funds, larger, high-wage and more capital intensive firms are the most likely to offer training unless they are...

Five decades after publication of the Correa-Tinbergen planning model for human resource development (HRD), the UNDP provided support and sponsored HRD policy making devices that aim at integrating methods based on economic accounting models with those based on international comparative...