Department of Hotel, Restaurant, Institution Management and Dietetics … franchising affects restaurant firms' market value and profitability, and 3) to investigate the relationship between the ownership … found that a purely company owned or a purely franchised chain did not produce the best financial performance. Restaurant …

. Design/methodology/approach: A web-based survey was administered to U.S. restaurant customers. For the main study, among the … meaningful implications for restaurant managers who take actions against the Covid-19 crisis to achieve sustainable business …