all due to differences in what students bring with them to school - socio-economic background, cultural factors, and the …Students in some countries do far better on international achievement tests than students in other countries. Is this … like? Or do school systems make a difference? This essay argues that differences in features of countries' school systems …

all due to differences in what students bring with them to school – socio-economic background, cultural factors, and the …Students in some countries do far better on international achievement tests than students in other countries. Is this … like? Or do school systems make a difference? This essay argues that differences in features of countries' school systems …

, reading and science using the PISA 2012 dataset. Multilevel models are used in the estimation. The results suggest that the … a difference-in-differences estimation method, it was found that early tracking has a direct effect on the gender gap in …

primary and secondary school. Using PISA, PIRLS, and TIMSS data, we investigate the role of early educational tracking … (sorting students into different types of secondary schools at an early age) on gender gaps in test achievement in a cross …

In this paper, we decompose worldwide PISA mathematics and reading scores. While mathematics scores are still tilted …

In this paper, we decompose worldwide PISA mathematics and reading scores. While mathematics scores are still tilted …

detailed information on students' language and math scores, their social integration, as well as on sociodemographic and school … integration of migrant and native students. In contrast to previous studies, which mainly examine the effect of the share of … immigrant pupils, we focus on language heterogeneity by using a novel measure of the degree of linguistic diversity in the …

-level regressions with PISA data exploit between-subject variation to overcome bias from unobserved country heterogeneity and control …