greatly determined by the stages in the lives of brands and the characteristics of the markets in which brands are sold. … which brands can be traded internationally and the impact of this trade on firms' global strategies, structures and … operations. It argues that the increase in the trading of brands has been led by the need for brands to be managed by …

to the performance of brands. On average, foreign ownership tends to raise costs and lower appeal. Using the estimated …

to the performance of brands. On average, foreign ownership tends to raise costs and lower appeal. Using the estimated …

that has been successful in one market, often their domestic market, and employ it in multiple markets; their approach is …

continents. Brand and country data were utilized to identify global, regional, spillover and single country brands. Additional … product type. Less than 1% of brands were global brands (those found in 90% or more of the countries surveyed). Procter … & Gamble has the most global brands, with 8% of the brands studied distributed in 50% or more of the countries. The majority of …

relating to the introduction and marketing of international franchise brands.  …