The use of unilateral pricing policy (UPP), in which the manufacturer sets the common retail price for all retailers, is increasingly popular in the United States as a result of recent legal developments. This paper develops an analytical framework to model UPP in multichannel markets. The...

Drawing on institutional theory, we examine how institutions have influenced technology development trends in the U.S. since the mid-19th century. Based on an inductive analysis of the history of technology development and corporate R&D, we show that both formal and informal institutional rules...

Over the last century, many firms have primarily relied on their internal laboratories as the main source for Ramp;D. The output from this Ramp;D helped to increase profits and organic growth through the development of new products and processes. However, the increased mobility and availability...