The South African Reserve Bank (SARB) uses interest rates to control inflation. The Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model can contribute to inflation targeting objective and also determine the effects on banks and the economy. We improved the accuracy of the results from previous work on...

News media play a fundamental role in the communication between central banks and the public. Besides stimulating institutional transparency, the reporting of the news media on a central bank's activities is also the main source of information about the institution for most citizens. To better...

Large banks and critical financial market infrastructures (FMIs) that are not able to fulfill their payment obligations, for example following a bankruptcy or cyber-attack, can be a source of financial instability and contagion in the financial system. This paper develops a composite risk...

This new wave of financial innovations has broad implications for society, banking, and central banking: Digital platforms can ease entry for financial services providers, increase transactional efficiency, and widen access to and participation in the financial system. They could also decrease...

It is argued that the history of the Australian Commonwealth Notes Issue Board over the period 1920-1924 is supportive of Friedman's contention that the possibility of a genuinely independent monetary authority is illusory. The Board was created as a genuinely independent monetary authority....

Las transferencias de fondos que se realizan entre los participantes en un sistema de pagos conforman redes de valor que, por su naturaleza, están expuestas a riesgos financieros de diverso género y, en particular, al potencial de riesgo sistémico. La incidencia que ello tendría sobre la...

Any decision is eventually the product of a procedure which requires assembling a multitude of primary information, passed through reiterative processes both of organisation and of analysis. The procedures also regard “pushing” these transformed/processed towards preparatory levels only to...

This study aims to analyse how the monetary policies of the Republic of North Macedonia and the Republic of Albania, as one of the two critical macroeconomic policies, have reacted in response to COVID-19 for the year 2020. Last year, the year 2020, the pandemic caused these two countries to...

Purpose – A major lesson of the EMU crisis is that serious disequilibria in a monetary union result from arrangements not designed to be robust to a variety of shocks. With the specter of this crisis looming substantially and scarring existing monetary zones, the present study has complemented...