that contributed to the violence in the first place, or, as Johann Galtung refers to this, structural violence. As we and … others have noted, changing the social structure to eliminate the attributes that contributed to the onset of violence is …

We study the relevance of gender norms in accounting for the incidence and intensity of domestic violence. We use data … for 28 European countries from the 2012 EU survey on violence against women, and focus on first- and second … the incidence of intimate partner violence. …