Retailing has experienced a number of changes over the past decades and many trends are expected to continue in the future. Retailers should understand these trends as a method of planning and developing successful strategies. Retailing innovations should be carefully examined and considered for...

Game theory is the study of how optima strategies are formulated in conflict. Because of the mathematical complexity of game theory, this module was limited to two persons and zero sum games. Zero sum means that the sum of the losses of one player must equal the sum of the games of the other...

At present, trade marks, brands and service marks are used widely in all countries - whether developing or industrialized, market or planned economy - and play an important economic role in the marketing trade. Trademarks serve the interests of the market offering goods and services - such as...

Quality, long time considered like a mean, especially an industrial one, changed nowadays its size and become a larger concept, named ”the total quality”. Answering to the customer requirements it involve now relevant factors linked to human resources, organization, marketing etc. The total...