The power of a brand is inversely proportional to its scope. When you put your brand name on several products, indeed, the line extension allows an increase in sales in the short term, but it undermines brand name in the mind of the consumer in the long term. A brand should strive to own a word...

The Community trade mark has effectively been available since April 1, 1996, although recourse to this tool does not imply abandonment of protection at a national level - something still of interest to SMEs. Market globalisation has led to increasingly more frequent horizontal and vertical...

Brand portfolio reengineering is the typical process a company uses to set the organization in a complete, harmonious, and consistent manner; the target is to maximize the value of its brand equity. The more complex and varied are brand portfolio and product portfolio of a company, the more...

There have been changes in scenarios in which firms compete - consumers are more and more sophisticated, media and distribution channels have multiplied – thus requiring companies to develop their marketing strategies differently. From a global perspective, for instance, creating,...

This study introduces a hybrid approach to segmentation of global markets. It examines an integrated inventory of macro‐ and micro‐bases associated with segmentation of world markets. The paper calls for a universal perspective on market segmentation to aid global marketers in identifying...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine empirically the relationship between positioning strategies and bases of segmentation in international markets. Design/methodology/approach – A principal component analysis was conducted to determine the major macro‐ as well as...

Purpose – With the average consumer receiving six million marketing messages each year, it is increasingly difficult for marketers to achieve their desired impact. The purpose of this article is to provide ideas on sustaining brand loyalty in a crowded marketplace. Design/methodology/approach...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose and test segmentation of multi‐dimensional customer‐brand relationships as a superior method of defining, understanding, and predicting customer loyalty behaviors. Design/methodology/approach – A method of segmenting customer‐brand...