early childhood services to young children living in poverty and just above poverty. Initial results showed that Invest … Early children were better prepared for kindergarten than their low-income counterparts and the proficiency gap between … Invest Early and high-income children had decreased significantly. Integrating and sustaining such a complicated network of …

We provide new evidence about language assimilation and its effect on test scores using data from two rounds (conducted …-born children of immigrants were asked to take Woodcock-Johnson achievement test. In both rounds, prior to the administration of … tests, children of Hispanic origin were randomly assigned to take the tests either in Spanish or in English. Therefore, we …

In many low- and middle-income countries, young children learn a mother tongue or indigenous language at home before …, assessments of children before school age, conducted in a nation's official language, may not fully reflect a child's development … vocabulary. This study assessed 505 children ages 2 to 6 in rural communities in Western Kenya with comparable vocabulary tests …

Prior to the introduction of mother tongue based education in 1994, the language of instruction for most subjects in … Ethiopia's primary schools was the official language (Amharic) - the mother tongue of only one third of the population. This … the effects of language of instruction on reading skills and early labour market outcomes. The results indicate that the …

Prior to the introduction of mother tongue-based education in 1994, the language of instruction for most subjects in … Ethiopia's primary schools was the official language (Amharic) - the mother tongue of only one third of the population. This … the effects of language of instruction on reading skills and early labour market outcomes. The results indicate that the …