cigarettes enable youth smoking. Yet there is almost no direct evidence on their effects using real-world policy variation. We … significantly reduced menthol cigarette smoking among both youths and adults. We also find strong evidence of substitution, however …: provincial menthol bans significantly increased non-menthol cigarette smoking among youths, resulting in no overall net change in …

In this paper, we develop a new direct measure of state anti-smoking sentiment and merge it with micro data on youth … smoking in 1992 and 2000. The empirical results from the cross-sectional models show two consistent patterns: after … controlling for differences in state anti-smoking sentiment, the price of cigarettes has a weak and statistically insignificant …

This report is part of the Indonesia Tobacco Employment Studies implemented by the World Bank and the American Cancer … segments of tobacco sector employment in Indonesia: tobacco farmers, kretek workers or hand-rollers, and tobacco manufacturing …

Despite the well-known positive effects of tobacco taxes on health outcomes, policy makers avoid relying on such taxes … applied incorporates the negative price effect caused by an increase in tobacco taxes, combined with a presumed future … reduction in medical expenditures and a rise in working years caused by a reduction in the rate of smoking among the population …

Background. Smoking causes significant health damage and may incur a significant economic burden to society. This study … investigates the years of potential life lost, the direct medical costs and the indirect costs of cigarette smoking in Germany …. Method. Using the concept of attributable risks and the prevalence-based approach, smoking-attributable mortality and …

In this paper we present a model of tobacco demand in Canada, with a view to establishing if price and tax policy on …