Purpose: As investors’ fear has an impact on their risk-return tradeoff, this fear leaves markets susceptible to sudden and large fluctuations. The purpose of this study is to suggest regulators to amend their precautionary methods to recognize the difference in investor behavior for...

We identify some of the factors affecting the extent of commonality in liquidity and differences between different stock exchanges around the world. With a comprehensive approach, our investigation centers on presenting evidence on the existence of commonality in liquidity, effect of using...